WEBVTT

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Rich Kisseloff loves spending
a day in the woods with his friends…

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…on a two-wheeled adrenaline-fueled ride.

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Let's go, guys. Let's go.

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Supercharged by a breed of dog
called a Greyster.

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Greysters have been around
for maybe 50 years or so.

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And what they are is a…
a pinch of greyhound

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mixed in with a German
short-haired pointer, an English pointer,

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and a couple other breeds as well.

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These animals were born to run.

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Come on!

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When I break the harnesses out,
they just start going crazy.

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The easy bit
is attaching them to the scooter.

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The tricky bit is holding on.

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Dog scootering is a competitive sport
involving one or more dogs in a team.

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Greysters are
a naturally-athletic breed

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that can run at 20 miles per hour
for five miles.

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No other animal can run at this speed,
exerting this power,

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and expending this energy for so long.

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It starts with their skeleton.

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Dogs don't have collar bones
connecting their shoulders to their ribs,

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so they can stretch their front legs
further to maximize their stride length.

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And for the long-legged Greysters,
that can be a staggering 16 feet.

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You will see big legs,
big hind quarters,

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big chest, big muscled dogs.

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We typically train dogs starting
at the age of about nine months to a year.

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Training 'em with directions, commands,

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making sure your dog passes
another dog without initiating a fight,

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or tangle, or something like that.

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You're on a clock, so you're trying
to navigate the course as fast as you can.

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Rich's most
experienced teammate is Guinness.

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Guinness is a special dog
ever since he was a puppy.

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Nothing fazes him.

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And Guinness' is the envy
of human athletes.

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The VO2 max of Greysters is in
the elite level of VO2 max for dogs,

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and that's anywhere
in the 200 range, I believe,

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versus a human, who's in the 70's or 80's
for an elite athlete.

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This huge difference between us
and dogs is due to their mitochondria.

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These are the powerhouses
of every cell in our body,

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converting the oxygen we breathe
and the food we eat into energy.

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Compared to humans,
Guinness has nearly twice as many

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of these cellular batteries.

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Good boy. Aw.

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Yes.

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So impressive
is this canine endurance,

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that the U.S. military is funding research
into replicating it in frontline soldiers.

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While the Pentagon looks into the science,
Rich and Guinness are simply loving life.

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Scootering is something
anybody can do.

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You can do it with any dog. You don't
have to race or anything like that.

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You can just take your dog out
and get exercise.

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And you get exercise as well.

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And it's a great thing
to get out on the trails

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and enjoy life with your dog.

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Good boy, Guinness.

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Good girl.

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All of our pets survived
for thousands of years in the wild…

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- …without any help from us.

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And this has led them to develop
astonishing athletic abilities…

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…which we sometimes take for granted.

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Meet Cam, a much loved
one year old golden hamster.

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But don't be fooled
by the chubby body and tiny legs.

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Cam is one of the supreme
endurance athletes of the animal world.

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Every day of his life,
he pursues an insatiable instinct

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because this little chap
is an ultra long-distance runner.

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At his top speed of four miles per hour,

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he's making 600 strides a minute.

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That's four times more
than the fastest racehorse.

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And he can keep this up in fits and starts
for up to an hour each day.

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To understand
his extraordinary athleticism,

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we need to take Cam back
to his ancestral homeland.

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Golden hamsters originate
from the dry and rocky Syrian steppe,

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a harsh environment where food is scarce.

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But hamsters have fast metabolisms

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and need to eat twice
their body weight in food every day.

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Which means almost constant foraging.

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Hamsters like Cam will clock up an average

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of five miles every 24 hours.

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This wild instinct to keep moving
has been retained.

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If Cam's wheel was super-sized
up to the scale of the London Eye,

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he'd make it fully turn 19 times a day.

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So make sure
you keep your hamster's wheel well oiled…

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…or you'll never hear the end of it.

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When it comes to peak performance,

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speed isn't necessarily of the essence.

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In Tokyo, this longevity dwells
on the mind of Mitani-san.

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He's the proud owner of Bonchan,
a sulcata tortoise,

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his companion for 25 years.

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When he arrived he was tiny
and could sit in my hand.

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But things have changed.

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Bonchan is now a whopping 154 pounds.

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Originating from the deserts of Africa,

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sulcatas are amongst
the largest tortoises on earth.

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And this one means the world
to Mitani-san.

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Bonchan likes to walk.

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When it gets to three or four o'clock,
he tells me he wants to get out.

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While most pet tortoises
live in gardens,

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Central Tokyo isn't blessed
with green spaces.

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So Mitani-san has found another way
to exercise Bonchan.

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Being inside
can be stressful even for humans.

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That's why I decided to take him out.

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When I walk with Bonchan,
I don't have to think about anything,

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and I feel very peaceful.

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He lives at his own pace.

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I've learned from Bonchan
to relax and be laid-back.

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In the desert,
sulcata tortoises will walk

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five miles a day

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and dig shelters 25 feet deep.

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All that with a heart rarely beating
over six beats per minute.

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Let's face it,
the tortoise's ticker is the envy

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of ultramarathon runners everywhere.

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But while Bonchan can easily cope

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with a quarter of a mile stroll
around the block,

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the only things slowing him down
are his many admirers.

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Because I walk him so often,

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the neighbors are used to him,

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but when people see him
for the first time, they are surprised.

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Bonchan will live long

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because he has less stress,

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and I try to remove any of his worries.

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Bonchan's pampered life
and low heart rate

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aren't the only secrets to his longevity.

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Recent research has shown
that giant tortoises rarely get cancer.

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Incredibly, when their cells get damaged,
they self-destruct.

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This bodes well for Bonchan,
who could live to be over a hundred.

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But it leaves Mitani-san with a problem.

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I know
I won't live longer than him.

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So I am looking for someone
to look after him.

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If I pass away,

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I want someone to love Bonchan
even more than I do.

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Tortoises' powers of endurance
aren't just great for surviving on Earth.

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At the height of the space race,

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the Russians blasted two tortoises
to the moon.

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They accomplished one orbit
before crash-landing in the Indian Ocean.

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Remarkably, they survived unscathed,

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making them the first creature
to travel to another world.

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More impressively, on their journey,

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they reached speeds of up to Mach 33,

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making them
the fastest tortoises in history.

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We've already met
the masters of endurance.

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- And these guys can certainly endure

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a few hours of doing nothing.

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However in California, a couple
and their cat buck that trend.

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Meet Mav, not your average cat.

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He's a three year old Bengal
belonging to Nick and Kayla.

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They're very comfortable
in the water, and they are focused,

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so if it's something
they're trying to run after or go for,

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they're, like, laser beam focused.

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And I think that's why he likes some
of the fun things that we do together.

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He… He likes these challenges.

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When they realized
Mav liked water,

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they were keen to share
their love of the beach.

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When he was a little kitten,
I just thought, "Oh, put the board

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in the swimming pool.
It would be funny if he jumps on."

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I didn't think he would,
but I put the food on, and he jumped on.

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But what happened after that was,
we were in the middle of the lake,

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and then out of the blue,
he jumped out of Kayla's kayak

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and swam over to my paddleboard.

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And we were like, "What?"

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Mav soon came to share Kayla
and Nick's love of water sports.

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So ex-pro wakeboarder Nick
decided to up the adrenaline.

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He likes to conquer his fear,
and then he wants to do something bigger.

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I thought, "Why don't we
catch some waves? And he's…"

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"He's already comfortable on the board."

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Um. And that's when I got into putting
the whole deck on the surfboard

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where he could grip.

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If he ran up to the front,
he could hold tight.

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And it gave him a lot of confidence.

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Bengals love
a challenge, it seems.

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And Mav was soon mastering the moves.

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When we catch the wave,
the board is more on an… on a decline.

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And you'll see Mav,
and he'll push his arms out,

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and he'll, you know, he's sort of bracing
as we start to take off on the wave.

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But there's a couple of times
I've been surfing where I've had the board

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almost doing a wheelie,

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and he'll climb right up to the nose
and, like, stand up above it.

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The first time he did it,
I thought it was crazy.

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But he's using his balance,
I suppose. He's very agile.

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When the board's,
like, wobbling or tilting,

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they're able to adjust quick,
and it's just natural for them.

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So cats are super agile,
but how do they compare to dogs?

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To find out, we've laid out
100 dominoes in a corridor

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and invited cats and dogs
to walk over them.

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First up, Team Cat,

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represented by Orlando
and his two friends,

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Moscow and Windsor.

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Orlando's up first,
taking the right hand side.

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Oh, there's one down
and a second, oh dear.

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What about Windsor?

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A confident start.

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Oh, no, three down right at the end.

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Moscow makes a strategic approach.
He's looking good.

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But a slight lapse in concentration,
and it's one down for him.

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All in all, a great effort.
Team Cat topple just six.

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Next up, Team Dog, represented by Strike,

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Dickens, and a rather nervous Shadow.

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What's their game plan?

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With seemingly no strategy whatsoever,
it's all over in a matter of seconds.

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Team Dog knock over 35 dominoes.

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So this test
was right up Team Cat's alley.

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But what's the secret of their success?

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Slow motion cameras reveal that cats walk
with their leg muscles permanently flexed.

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This means that they can control
the placement

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of each foot with total precision.

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Rather handy when sneaking up on prey.

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Dogs don't flex their muscles
in the same way.

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Instead, large, springy tendons
in their legs

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enable them to bounce with each stride.

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It's more efficient but harder
to control the placement of each foot.

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As for Titus the tortoise,

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he's less nimble-footed agility specialist
and more bulldozer.

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Cats and dogs aren't the only speed
and agility specialists.

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Our very own Gus and Stanley
are also fast and nimble.

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Picture them living
in separate New York apartments.

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Stanley's apartment is laden
with everything a playful rat needs.

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Gus' pad is across the street.

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Luckily, there's a rope linking the two.

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So Gus can pay Stanley a visit…

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using it to bridge the gap.

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Most animals would feel jittery
crossing the street

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on a rope six stories high,

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but Gus' body has a built-in balance bar.

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His extraordinary long prehensile tail.

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Compared to other rodents,
rats have one of the longest tails

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relative to their body size.

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And Gus uses his to maintain
the perfect center of balance.

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It's a lifesaving counterweight

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as long as you can keep your feet
on the rope.

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It's hard to watch.

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Even if things go wrong,
his strong flexible tail can be relied on

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to get him out of trouble.

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It can even act like a hook,

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enabling Gus to get back on top.

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What a recovery.

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Friends reunited.

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Our next pet
takes athletic ability to new heights.

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Fred here is a golden macaw.

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One of the world's largest parrots
and a native of South America.

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His strength comes
from muscles and tendons so big,

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they account for around a third
of his body weight.

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His pectoral muscles are worthy
of the most dedicated bodybuilder…

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converging on a huge breastbone.

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Working together,
they create a powerful downstroke.

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His upstroke is generated by a pair
of giant tendons that act as pulleys.

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Driven by this muscular powerhouse
and a wingspan of more than three feet,

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macaws can reach speeds
of 35 miles per hour.

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And if you're able to tap
into this remarkable athletic ability,

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the results can be astonishing.

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Klono is a military macaw,

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resident at an animal sanctuary in Texas.

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Nick Phomkasornsri runs the sanctuary.

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And wherever he goes, Klono follows.

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Klono is very, very special.

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I mean, I love all my birds,

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but the fact that he just wants to always
follow, and that he's always trusting me,

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it's something that I never
experienced before,

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and it's very, very special.

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Klono's favorite part of any trip
is the return home,

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when he can show off his flying prowess.

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When I get to a point where I can see
that there's no traffic coming

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all the way down to the street I turn on,
that's when I stick my arm out the window

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and let him fly all the way home.

00:19:49.480 --> 00:19:51.880
They go, they go so fast.

00:19:51.960 --> 00:19:54.840
Um. Usually, he's just kinda flying
at, like, a leisurely speed,

00:19:54.920 --> 00:19:58.320
but when he wants to go, it's impressive.
They're very athletic.

00:20:00.920 --> 00:20:03.600
Klono has no problem
keeping up with Nick's car

00:20:03.680 --> 00:20:05.760
traveling at 40 miles per hour.

00:20:10.040 --> 00:20:13.800
As the air flows over his wings,
it creates lift.

00:20:15.520 --> 00:20:17.720
If we slow everything down, we can see

00:20:17.800 --> 00:20:20.600
that he constantly
adjusts his wings and tail,

00:20:20.680 --> 00:20:23.160
keeping his body perfectly aerodynamic.

00:20:30.160 --> 00:20:33.320
He adapts his flying style
to conserve energy.

00:20:35.480 --> 00:20:38.440
By angling his wings
and tail feathers down,

00:20:38.520 --> 00:20:41.240
he can also go into a high-speed glide,

00:20:41.320 --> 00:20:43.880
utilizing the air flow from Nick's truck.

00:20:46.920 --> 00:20:50.800
He flies so much that I think
he's built up a lot of muscle,

00:20:50.880 --> 00:20:54.880
and he can fly for a really,
really long time. His stamina is amazing.

00:20:57.480 --> 00:21:00.560
In the wild,
military macaws have been known to fly

00:21:00.640 --> 00:21:04.680
at these speeds for up
to 15 miles a day in search of food.

00:21:09.200 --> 00:21:14.520
But for Klono, it's just about relishing
the total freedom Nick provides.

00:21:15.560 --> 00:21:17.200
He loves it. He loves it.

00:21:18.000 --> 00:21:21.560
One thing that's really important
to know is that these birds,

00:21:21.640 --> 00:21:26.400
I have spent a lot of time training them
and conditioning them for free flight.

00:21:26.480 --> 00:21:28.720
So, you can't just take your bird

00:21:28.800 --> 00:21:31.120
and release it and think
that it's gonna come back,

00:21:31.200 --> 00:21:33.960
because it's… it's not
gonna end well, most likely.

00:21:37.200 --> 00:21:39.520
Our pets
are all built differently

00:21:40.640 --> 00:21:44.480
and their need for speed deployed
in a wide variety of situations.

00:21:48.360 --> 00:21:52.000
Looking at Michelangelo,
you wouldn't think he was a speed demon.

00:21:54.800 --> 00:21:57.320
He can hold the same position for hours.

00:21:58.520 --> 00:21:59.800
But when he's hungry,

00:22:01.200 --> 00:22:04.880
he unleashes one of the fastest weapons
in the animal kingdom.

00:22:08.560 --> 00:22:12.400
Michelangelo's ballistic tongue
is like a coiled spring.

00:22:14.160 --> 00:22:16.800
It accelerates from naught
to 60 miles per hour

00:22:16.880 --> 00:22:18.560
in one hundredth of a second.

00:22:23.080 --> 00:22:24.240
Impressive.

00:22:24.320 --> 00:22:28.960
But our next pet unleashes
the same forces to propel its entire body.

00:22:30.800 --> 00:22:34.320
Cat owners know just how fast
their pets can pounce.

00:22:36.320 --> 00:22:39.880
You're witnessing one of nature's
greatest ambush predators…

00:22:41.600 --> 00:22:43.960
born with an instinct to hunt.

00:22:46.560 --> 00:22:50.640
Slow motion reveals their back legs
are the source of their power.

00:22:52.360 --> 00:22:55.320
Cats have more weight here
than most mammals.

00:22:56.760 --> 00:22:59.520
It's because they're full
of fast twitch muscles.

00:23:03.520 --> 00:23:06.520
Producing maximum power on demand…

00:23:08.760 --> 00:23:12.440
enabling Ponzo to accelerate
from naught to 30 miles per hour

00:23:12.520 --> 00:23:14.080
in under three seconds,

00:23:15.040 --> 00:23:16.760
jumping six times his height.

00:23:20.560 --> 00:23:23.200
And thanks to an inbuilt righting reflex,

00:23:24.440 --> 00:23:26.360
they always land on their feet.

00:23:28.520 --> 00:23:30.040
Well, nearly always.

00:23:32.440 --> 00:23:36.840
The pet most famous for a good set
of hind legs is the rabbit.

00:23:38.000 --> 00:23:42.400
And harnessing those hamstrings
has become a competitive sport.

00:23:48.200 --> 00:23:50.520
Deep in the Danish countryside…

00:23:52.240 --> 00:23:53.920
competitors gather.

00:23:55.120 --> 00:23:57.520
These rabbits are elite show jumpers.

00:24:05.160 --> 00:24:09.160
Part of a growing sport originating
in neighboring Sweden.

00:24:13.320 --> 00:24:17.440
Aase Bjerner is the organizer
of Horsens monthly competition.

00:24:20.760 --> 00:24:24.160
The hopper is a handler,
and then we have the rabbit.

00:24:25.200 --> 00:24:29.560
And you get a very special bond
to your rabbit when you hop with it.

00:24:29.640 --> 00:24:31.840
It's not just a rabbit sitting in a hutch.

00:24:34.200 --> 00:24:38.400
Today, I have my rabbit Mandel,
and she's five years old now.

00:24:38.480 --> 00:24:40.920
She was a little wild when she was a kid,

00:24:41.000 --> 00:24:44.240
but by training her, she's got more calm.

00:24:44.960 --> 00:24:47.320
And, uh, she's enjoying hopping.

00:24:49.560 --> 00:24:53.920
Competing alongside Aase
and Mandel is 17-year-old Alison

00:24:54.000 --> 00:24:55.600
and her bunny Falke.

00:24:56.840 --> 00:24:59.920
My rabbit is two and a half years old.

00:25:00.000 --> 00:25:04.040
I have been training
for about two years with him.

00:25:04.680 --> 00:25:08.320
I hope it will go well
because he have a good height

00:25:08.400 --> 00:25:09.600
over the jumpings.

00:25:11.880 --> 00:25:15.840
Today, Mandel and Falke
have entered the elite competition.

00:25:20.560 --> 00:25:23.320
Rabbits are notoriously timid animals,

00:25:24.040 --> 00:25:28.120
but their natural behavior can be
advantageous when it comes to training.

00:25:32.480 --> 00:25:35.080
There are two rounds of 12 jumps.

00:25:35.160 --> 00:25:37.520
Each jump is just under two foot high,

00:25:37.600 --> 00:25:40.080
while the longest is over two foot long.

00:25:42.400 --> 00:25:44.680
And yes, there is a water jump.

00:25:47.920 --> 00:25:51.760
We all try to complete the course
under two minutes,

00:25:51.840 --> 00:25:55.320
because at two minutes,
uh, we get a time fault,

00:25:55.400 --> 00:25:58.680
and one more for every 15 seconds,

00:25:59.440 --> 00:26:02.160
up to three minutes
when we get disqualified.

00:26:03.760 --> 00:26:07.480
When you're hopping, and you can see
your rabbit won't take the jump,

00:26:07.560 --> 00:26:13.560
you can take it a little back
to let it, uh, look at the jump once more.

00:26:19.480 --> 00:26:23.400
The golden rule,
always stay behind your rabbit.

00:26:27.000 --> 00:26:29.120
I walk behind him.

00:26:29.200 --> 00:26:33.000
If I go in front of him, he will stop,
'cause they don't… they don't like that.

00:26:33.080 --> 00:26:36.400
So always stay behind,
and then he's not so much afraid.

00:26:40.520 --> 00:26:44.280
The best jumpers
are large legged Holland Lops.

00:26:44.360 --> 00:26:47.400
But these champions are born, not made.

00:26:48.480 --> 00:26:51.440
At the moment now,
in many other rabbits

00:26:51.520 --> 00:26:55.160
have the hopping rabbits
in ten generations back, and it counts.

00:26:55.760 --> 00:26:58.800
If you go out to an animal shop
and buy a new rabbit,

00:26:58.880 --> 00:27:00.240
it… it might not be good.

00:27:01.080 --> 00:27:05.120
Sometimes, you'll get a rabbit
and it just won't hop.

00:27:08.520 --> 00:27:12.680
The competition includes
25 rabbits from all over Denmark,

00:27:12.760 --> 00:27:14.720
and standards are sky high.

00:27:17.920 --> 00:27:20.880
I'm really proud of him.
It went better than I thought.

00:27:20.960 --> 00:27:24.320
He just made one mistake,
and it was so little.

00:27:24.400 --> 00:27:25.840
I'm so proud of him.

00:27:26.680 --> 00:27:30.360
She was very fast,
so she might be the best with one fault.

00:27:31.040 --> 00:27:34.880
I'm not sure
but we have to wait till the prize giving.

00:27:34.960 --> 00:27:37.400
And first place
is Maya and Tjafel.

00:27:41.880 --> 00:27:45.040
The results are in.
In first place is Tjafel…

00:27:47.960 --> 00:27:50.640
trained and owned by Maya.

00:27:52.280 --> 00:27:55.400
I'm very proud of him
because he only needed

00:27:55.480 --> 00:27:59.200
two more certificates to be
a champion and now he's a champion.

00:28:01.280 --> 00:28:04.680
I think it's good to go
to rabbit jump because your rabbits

00:28:04.760 --> 00:28:08.320
come out and have fun jumping
and they like it.

00:28:08.400 --> 00:28:12.840
If they want to start training at home,
they can start walking around,

00:28:12.920 --> 00:28:14.800
and they will see the rabbit like it.

00:28:14.880 --> 00:28:17.240
And they can go out, have fun,
and meet new people,

00:28:17.320 --> 00:28:20.200
and get new, well, friends. Yeah.

00:28:22.000 --> 00:28:25.280
Our pets' wild past
has given them some extraordinary

00:28:25.360 --> 00:28:27.720
and unexpected athletic abilities.

00:28:28.360 --> 00:28:31.760
By celebrating, nurturing,
and unleashing them,

00:28:31.840 --> 00:28:35.400
we can bring joy and fun into their lives

00:28:35.480 --> 00:28:36.840
as well as our own.